Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market (2024-2030) | Analysis, Industry, Growth, Outlook, Share, Size, Revenue, Forecast, Value, Trends & Companies

Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Highlights

Report Name	Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market
Forecast period	2025-2031
Market Size	USD 12.5 billion by 2031
CAGR	6.85%
Growing Sector	packaging

Topics Covered in the Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Report

The Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market report thoroughly covers the market by Machine Type, by Clamping Force, by Solution, and by Countries. The market report provides an unbiased and detailed analysis of the ongoing market trends, opportunities/high growth areas, and market drivers which would help the stakeholders to devise and align their market strategies according to the current and future market dynamics.

Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Size & Analysis

The Asia-Pacific injection moulding machines market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.85% by 2031, reflecting rising demand for efficient and versatile manufacturing equipment in various industries. Additionally, the Asia-Pacific market for injection moulding machines, which supports sectors such as automotive, packaging, and electronics, is expected to reach approximately USD 12.5 billion by 2031. The market's growth is propelled by the increasing demand for lightweight components, energy-efficient solutions, and advanced machine technologies.

Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Synopsis

The Asia Pacific injection moulding machines market is experiencing steady growth, fueled by increasing industrialization and the rising need for high-precision manufacturing. Products under this market, including All-electric, Hydraulic, and Hybrid machines, are widely utilized in automotive, packaging, consumer goods, and electronics industries for their efficiency and precision. As the trend of sustainable manufacturing grows, the need for energy-efficient solutions like all-electric machines is also rising.

According to 6Wresearch, the Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market revenue is projected to grow at a significant CAGR of 6.85% during the forecast period 2025-2031.  The market's growth is driven by the increasing adoption of advanced manufacturing technologies, the rising preference for lightweight and durable components, and the availability of innovative solutions catering to diverse industrial needs. The market is witnessing a steady demand for both new sales and aftermarket services, further boosting Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market growth. Despite the positive outlook, challenges such as the high initial cost of advanced machines and limited awareness of innovative technologies in some regions hinder growth. However, the growing demand for precision and energy efficiency, coupled with government initiatives promoting industrial advancements, presents ample growth opportunities.

Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Trends

• Energy-efficient Machines: The growing emphasis on energy conservation has led to increased demand for all-electric injection moulding machines, propelling advancements in machine technologies.
• Rise in Automotive Applications: Increasing urbanization and rising demand for lightweight automotive components are driving the growth of injection moulding machines in the automotive sector.
• Aftermarket Solutions: The expanding need for maintenance, repair, and upgrades of existing machines is creating opportunities in the aftermarket segment.

Investment Opportunities in the Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market

• Advanced Machine Technologies: The growing demand for precision and versatility presents opportunities for businesses to invest in the production of hybrid and all-electric machines.
• Aftermarket Services: The rising demand for maintenance and upgrades offers lucrative investment avenues in the aftermarket segment.

Leading Players of the Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market

The Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market is dominated by several key players known for their innovative and high-quality products. Leading companies include Haitian International Holdings Limited, Sumitomo (SHI) Demag Plastics Machinery, Arburg GmbH & Co. KG, Engel Austria GmbH, and Milacron LLC, among others. These companies are renowned for offering a wide range of machines and solutions catering to the diverse needs of various industries.

Government Regulations Introduced in the Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market

Government regulations in the Asia Pacific region are playing a crucial role in shaping the injection moulding machines market. With an increasing emphasis on sustainable manufacturing, several nations have introduced policies aimed at reducing carbon footprints and promoting energy-efficient machinery. Strict guidelines regarding the use of non-recyclable plastics and restrictions on hazardous materials are pushing manufacturers to adopt innovative and eco-friendly technologies.

Furthermore, compliance with global safety standards is becoming mandatory, fostering the production of machines that are both efficient and environmentally responsible. These regulatory frameworks are encouraging businesses to explore advancements in automation and digitalization, ensuring better quality control and operational efficiency.

Future Insights of the Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market

The future of the Asia Pacific injection moulding machines industry looks promising, driven by advancements in material science, automation, and digital technologies. The growing demand for lightweight, durable, and eco-friendly products across industries such as automotive, healthcare, and consumer goods is expected to fuel the adoption of high-performance injection moulding machines.

Additionally, the rise of Industry 4.0 in the region is prompting the integration of IoT-enabled systems for real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance, improving overall productivity. The increasing focus on research and development within the sector is likely to result in the development of highly specialized machines tailored to meet specific industrial needs, ensuring the market's robust growth in the years to come.

Market Segmentation Analysis

The report offers a comprehensive study of the subsequent market segments and their leading categories

Injection Moulding Machines to Dominate the Market - By Machine Type

According to Ravi Bhandari, Research Head, 6wresearch, All-electric injection moulding machines dominate due to their widespread use in manufacturing sectors for their precision and energy efficiency. However, Hydraulic and Hybrid machine types are also gaining traction due to their versatile applications in industrial projects.

New Sales to Dominate the Market - By Solution

In Asia Pacific's injection moulding machines market, the new sales solution dominates. This is due to the high demand for state-of-the-art and efficient machines in manufacturing and industrial projects.

China to Dominate the Market - By Country

China is expected to dominate the Asia Pacific injection moulding machines market, owing to its strong presence in the manufacturing industry and growing demand for advanced machines. Other countries like India, Japan, Australia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and Rest of Asia, are also significant players in this market, with increasing investments in new technologies and expanding end-use industries.

More Than 500 Tons Force to Dominate the Market - By Clamping Force

In the Asia Pacific, injection moulding machines that generate more than 500 tons force dominate the market. This domination is due to the high demand for such powerful machines in heavy-duty manufacturing processes. However, machines producing less force (less than 200 tons and 200 to 500 tons) are also seeing increased demand due to their use in more precise and smaller-scale operations.

Key Attractiveness of the Report

• 10 Years of Market Numbers.
• Historical Data Starting from 2021 to 2024
• Base Year: 2024
• Forecast Data until 2031
• Key Performance Indicators Impacting the Market
• Major Upcoming Developments and Projects

Key Highlights of the Report:

• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Outlook
• Market Size of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market, 2024
• Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market, 2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Revenues & Volume for the Period  2021-2031
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Trend Evolution
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Drivers and Challenges
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Price Trends
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Porter's Five Forces
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Industry Life Cycle
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Clamping Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Less than 200 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By More Than 500 Tons Force for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Machine Type for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By All-electric? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hydraulic for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Hybrid? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of China Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of India Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Japan Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Australia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Indonesia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Philippines Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Thailand Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Malaysia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Singapore Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Solution for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By New Sales? for the Period  2021-2031
• Historical Data and Forecast of Rest of Asia Injection Moulding Machines Market Revenues & Volume By Aftermarket for the Period  2021-2031
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Key Performance Indicators
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Import Export Trade Statistics
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Opportunity Assessment By Countries
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Opportunity Assessment By Clamping Force
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Opportunity Assessment By Machine Type
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Opportunity Assessment By Solution
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Top Companies Market Share
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Top Companies Profiles
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Comparison of Players in Technical and Operating Parameters
• Asia Pacific Injection Moulding Machines Market - Strategic Recommendations

Market Covered

The market report has been segmented and sub segmented into the following categories

By Machine Type

• All-electric
• Hydraulic
• Hybrid

By Clamping Force

• Less than 200 Tons Force
• 200 Tons Force To 500 Tons Force
• More Than 500 Tons Force

By Solution

• New Sales
• Aftermarket

By Country

• China
• India
• Japan
• Australia
• Indonesia
• Philippines
• Thailand
• Malaysia
• Singapore
• Rest of Asia